ISSN : 1229-6783(Print)
ISSN : 2288-1484(Online)
ISSN : 2288-1484(Online)
Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science Vol.15 No.2 pp.63-69
DOI : https://doi.org/10.12812/ksms.2013.15.2.63
DOI : https://doi.org/10.12812/ksms.2013.15.2.63
승용 자동차 조종장치 스테레오타입 조사를 위한 설문조사와
실물 시뮬레이션 방법 비교
Comparison of Paper-Pencil and Hardware Tests for Investigating Stereotypes for Controls of Passenger Cars
Received April 10, 2013; Revision Received June 4, 2013; Accepted June 12, 2013.
Abstract
The purposes of this study are to survey stereotypes of control-display relationships for seven principalcontrols in passenger cars using the paper-pencil and hardware tests, and to examine stereotype strength ofthe paper-pencil test through comparing the stereotypes for the controls derived by the two methods. Ninetytwo and 60 college-aged students participated in the paper-pencil test and the real car simulation of thehardware test, respectively. There are dominant motion-directions for all controls in the paper-pencil test, whilein the hardware test, there are dominant motion-directions for six controls including head light, high beam,door window, ignition key, door key and door lock controls. The stereotypes of motion-directions for sixcontrols obtained by the paper-pencil test were the same as or similar to those by the hardware test. It wasinferred from this that the congruence of the stereotypes by the two methods might be attributed to twosimple motion-direction principles of ‘clockwise for increase’ and ‘upward for increase.’ Although it is knownthat the hardware test would be best for obtaining accurate stereotypes between controls and displays, thisstudy implies that if the paper-pencil test is well designed, the paper-pencil test can produce the same resultsas the hardware test at low cost and without consuming time.
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Reference
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17.Ray, R.D. and Ray, W.D.(1979), "An Analysis of Domestic Cooker Control Design." Ergonomics, 22: 1243-1248.
18.Shinar, D. and Acton, M.B.(1978), "Control-Display Relationships on the Four-Burner Range: Population Stereotypes versus Standard." Human Factors, 20: 13-17.
19.Wu, S-P.(1997), "Further Studies on the Spatial Compatibility of Four Control-Display Linkages." International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 19: 353-360.
2.Chan, W.H. and Chan, A.H.S.(2003), "Movement Compatibility for Rotary Control and Circular Display-Computer Simulated Test and Real Hardware Test." Applied Ergonomics, 34: 61-71.
3.Chan, W.H. and Chan, A.H.S.(2007) "Strength Reversibility of Movement Stereotypes for Lever Control and Circular Display." International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 37: 233-244.
4.Chapanis, A. and Lindenbaum, L.E.(1959), "A Reaction-Time Study of Four Control-Display Linkage." Human Factors, 1: 1-7.
5.Courtney, A.J.(1986), "Chinese Population Stereotypes: Color Associations." Human Factors, 28(1): 97-99.
6.Courtney, A.J.(1988), "Chinese Response Preferences for Display-Control Relationships." Human Factors, 30(3): 367-372.
7.Fitts, P.M. and Deninger, R.L.(1954), "S-R Compatibility: Correspondence among Paired Elements within Stimulus and Response Codes," Journal of Experimental Psychology, 48: 483-492.
8.Hoffmann, E.R.(2009), "Do Paper-and-Pencil Tests Give an Accurate Measure of Stereotype Strength?" International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 39: 904-9120.
9.Hsu, S-H. and Peng, Y.(1993), "Control/Display Relationship of the Four-Burner Stove: A Reexamination." Human Factors, 35(4): 745-749.
10.Jeong, B-Y. and Lee, J-U.(2001), "Movement Compatibility of ON/OFF Controls." IE Interfaces, 14(3): 302-309.
11.Jung, H.S. and Jung, H.S.(2003), "User Expectations and Preferences of Door Lock Control Devices." Journal of the Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers, 29(4): 283-291.
12.Jung, H.S.(2004), "User Expectations Regarding the Water Faucet Operation." IE Interfaces, 17(1): 104-112.
13.Kee, D.(2011a), "Stereotype for Control-Display Relationship of Four-Burner Range for Korean." Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea, 30(3): 1-6.
14.Kee, D.(2011b), "Stereotype and Effective Cues for Burner-Control Relationship of Four-Stove Range." Journal of the Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers, 37(2):118-123.
15.Kee, D.(2012), "Investigation of Stereotypes for Principal Controls in Passenger Cars." Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science, 14: 35-40.
16.Loveless, N.E.(1962), "Direction-of-Motion Stereotypes: A Review." Ergonomics, 5: 357-383.
17.Ray, R.D. and Ray, W.D.(1979), "An Analysis of Domestic Cooker Control Design." Ergonomics, 22: 1243-1248.
18.Shinar, D. and Acton, M.B.(1978), "Control-Display Relationships on the Four-Burner Range: Population Stereotypes versus Standard." Human Factors, 20: 13-17.
19.Wu, S-P.(1997), "Further Studies on the Spatial Compatibility of Four Control-Display Linkages." International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 19: 353-360.
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